Women menstruate, can become pregnant, and go through menopause. These normal conditions all affect how women’s bodies react to medication. On average, women take more prescription and nonprescription medications than do men. For these reasons, women should be especially concerned about what medications they take and about how and when they take them.
Many women take oral contraceptives, commonly known as the pill. Failure to take the pill each day can result in pregnancy, yet 25 percent of women taking the pill miss or skip days. Women may also become pregnant accidentally because some medicines – such as penicillin, some sleeping pills, tuberculosis medicines, and anxiety medicines – can keep birth control pills from working. When a woman is prescribed a new medication, she should inform her health care provider that she is on the pill.
Medications taken when a woman is pregnant or breastfeeding may be passed to her fetus or child. If a woman is taking medication while pregnant or breast-feeding, she should make sure to inform her physician. The physician may be able to prescribe a different medication or a different way to take the medication that will not affect the fetus or baby.
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